barely letting the tamp do the work kind of tamp it evenly over the bowl till you have a nice level tobacco plug. The amount of force is pretty much the same if you lifted the tamper a few millimeters about the tobacco and let it drop. sort of a light circular tapping motion if that makes sense. I hope that helps.I dump about midway too. Doesn't work too well in a meer, which is slippery on the inside and usually releases the whole load when tipped over. Works best in a cob, which really 'hangs onto' the tobacco and allows for an easy dump of the ashes. The smoke always seems to improve by dumping the ash, often coming back to the original taste. It's hard to know how much to tamp after dumping the ash. I don't have that part down yet.