The number today is 34 trillion, and the alternative to a balanced budget is waiting until it’s 39 trillion.
The debt is owned about two thirds to Americans and one third to foreigners.
The interest this year is nearly 900 billion, or about 3.5 % of GDP.
600 billion represents a transfer payment of taxes to American debt holders, and 300 billion goes to foreign debt holders.
Fifty years ago all the politicians made a big howl about government spending and the deficit, when they kissed babies at the county fairs.
And year by year they’ve spent more every year, and the only time they’ve ever raised taxes meaningfully was thirty years ago, which they’ve steadily cut ever since.
If they’d restrain spending increases to just the inflation rate, and stop handing out tax cuts and raise rates just a little, instead of spending 22% of GDP and taxing 16% in few years we’d return to 19% of GDP taxed and 19% spent.
There is an argument to never reduce the debt amount. Paying down debt would paradoxically be inflationary.
Let’s say a rich guy owns a million dollars in Treasury bills, which is part of the debt. It sits there drawing about 3% interest at most.
If you call his bond and pay the guy a million that’s now more cash in circulation.
It wasn’t a problem in the late 90s when that happened. He’s likely to reinvest it in something productive.