- There is the quality of the stem: pre molded vulcanite (which will turn green very quickly) or acrylic (harder under the tooth) vs hand turned and shaped from a rod which guarantees much better quality in general.
- There is the fitting of the stem to the shank. No gaps should be perceptible between the shank and stem and the stem must be the same dimension as the shank. Hand made artisan pipes are extremely well constructed at that level.
- There is the aspect of the drilling of the bore hole: an adequate drilling has the bore hole end up flush on the bottom of the tobacco chamber and centered. Again, hand made artisan pipes will, more often than not, be impeccable. It is not the case of more inexpensive pipes.
- There is the question of the finishing. Artisans will pay much more detail to... (important) details. Scratches from files on the stem or the briar, for example, will not be visible on a high quality pipe. The stain will not stain your fingers under heat on a high quality pipe.
- There is the question of the briar. After acquiring the briar from an established and reputable cutter (some, or the most at least, will usually go on site to select the briar themselves), artisans will usually age their briar much longer before using it. An individual boring and shaping pipes will have a pretty good idea, from the smell the briar releases while being worked on, if he is dealing with briar that will have the potential of being a great smoker, or not. The more it smells, the less good potential it will have.
- There is the question of quality control. Despite what they pretend, brands such as The White Spot, Castello, Ser Jacopo, etc, do not have the same strict and tight quality control than an artisan: the latter works on the product from A to Z as where the other ones work on specific steps only. I have purchased Dunhill, Castello (without mentioning Peterson) pipes that were unacceptable. On the other hand, Savinelli has every single pipe inspected and overall, are pretty good.
- Then, and this is a very important factor, there is the smoker himself. No one is born a pipe smoker. One learns to become one through patience, perseverance and much trial and error. If you smoke like a savage, use very moist tobacco and do not pack your pipe appropriately, a $50 or $2500 pipe will yield the same result.