Orwell's Names and descriptions of Junior Anti-Porn League and Sayers of Slogans are things I often go back to as often as Gibran
Or was doing so in order to excuse a lesser form that would inevitably lead to them.Problem with that is Orwell was a Socialist, so IMHO was not clued in enough to know he was criticizing his own beliefs.
My two cents: I don’t see it as an either/or question. There is ample evidence that it functions in both directions simultaneously.Huxley called it: the weakness of the individual leads to herd behavior, which leads to totalitarianism, not the other way around.
Javier Bardem did an astounding job in that movie. I still can't forget the tension of the coin toss scene. Spectacular!No Country For Old Men