As a general statement, there is nothing wrong with putting a big chuck on a small lathe.
There are two potential problems.
First, because the chuck weighs a lot, any inbalence in the chuck will be magnified. The faster you spin the lathe, the greater the effect. The negative result is vibration.
Second, the smaller the lathe, usually, the smaller diameter of the spindle. Thus increasing the likelyhood of vibration.
You didn't say what kind of a lathe it was, but a robust lathe, even with a small swing, will handle the problems better than a rinky-dink one.
anthony