No offense, but I think this is a bad idea.Simply raise littering fines and direct the police to ticket them for littering. A few $500 or $1,000 will make most folks cautious about throwing their butts everywhere.
Seems to me that this is the problem with our country - too much policing. Spit on the sidewalk, pay a fine. Drop a gum wrapper on the ground, pay a fine. Drive without a seatbelt, pay a fine, ride without a helmet, pay a fine, smoke in the park, pay a fine.
Pretty soon everything is illegal.
IMHO, if there is anything that has even a slight chance of changing behavior, it's education and awareness. Short of that, I'd rather deal with the occasional idiot who litters than having every behavior monitored and policed.