In 1978 I remember two independent studies of pipe smokers which both concluded that the average pipe smoker lived a year longer than the average non-smoker. One was University of Michigan and I believe the other was University of Wisconsin. Neither study was ratified by the USDA as they said it could be due to the disposition of the person drawn to the pipe not the pipe habit itself. I would love to lay my hands on those studies. Does anyone else remember them?