Tell me the right way emptying the bowl

The answer to this is hugely subjective, and is based directly upon what your goals and priorities are. Are you trying to build cake in the heel of the bowl? Then yes, you should try to burn it all the way down, white ash notwithstanding. If you've got a juicy clump of dottle down there, however, you're going to have a bear of a time trying to smoke it all the way down. In this situation, I might use delayed gratification, let the dottle dry, then come back sometime later to finish the bowl. The best way I've heard to build cake in the heel is to smoke 1/2 bowls, but I've never tried this.
If your priority is strictly to get as much enjoyment as you can out of a smoke, then don't worry about the last bit of un-burnt tobacco. Forcing your way through that last bit will likely involve many re-lights, increased potential for gurgle, and an increased ashy taste in the smoke. All factors that will likely reduce your enjoyment.
Your thread title asks the "right way emptying the bowl". Again, let your priorities drive your decision. If you want to preserve the integrity and finish of your pipe, I would advise against knocking the ash/dottle out against a hard surface. This will mar the struck surface and if done wrong, could break the shank/stem. My preferred method of emptying my pipe is to dislodge the ash/dottle with the spade end of my pipe nail, then gently tap it out against my knuckles. A quick swab with a pipe cleaner takes care of any stubborn moisture or ash build-up.
Ultimately, there are very few "wrong" ways to do things. Just identify what matters the most to you- what you want to get out of your pipe-smoking experience, and make your decisions accordingly.

Smoke it until you are finished enjoying it. Half bowl, two thirds, or all the way to the bottom. Once you have reached the point that you are content, lightly scoop out the remains of tobacco with your pipe tool, and clean as usual. It's all about your satisfaction with the smoking session, and not how much to stress over the pipe. Sit back and enjoy my friend. :wink:

I try to get an even cake all the way down as close to the bottom as I can, and while smoking most blends, especially flake, when it goes out, I will let it rest a bit, let the pipe cool off a few minutes, maybe remove a little ash with a match stick, then poke my finger in there and pull the tobacco crumbs away from the wall out into the main air path. This helps retard cake buildup and moisture as it gets more air along the bowl, gets more of the tobacco burning fresh and evenly, and better distributes the tars so that I can smoke longer, closer down towards the bottom of the bowl. I usually end up with no more than 20-25% unsmoked tobacco at the bottom, or less.

When I'm finished I stir what's left in the bowl with my pipe tool pick and then tap the bowl on the cork in the ashtray. I then bend the pipe cleaner in half and swab out the bowl.

All good suggestions above. Smoking past the point of enjoyment isn't a good idea, but building a layer of cake to the bottom is important to the long term health of your pipe. If your tobacco is consistently becoming too moist to enjoy, try letting it dry a bit longer before packing, and try a looser pack.
While the "smoked effortlessly to the bottom of the bowl and left a fine white ash" is an appealing myth, it's mostly a myth. Different blends smoke differently and while some will easily smoke to the bottom with no effort, many require relights.
Once you have finished a bowl and dumped the ash, take a pipe cleaner, double it over itself, and wipe the walls of the chamber to remove tobacco fragments. Use two if beneficial. You will still build a cake, but it will be one that is solid, and not compromised with bits of unburnt tobacco embedded in it.

While the "smoked effortlessly to the bottom of the bowl and left a fine white ash" is an appealing myth, it's mostly a myth.

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It is interesting on how we put emphasis on certain aspects of the smoking experience. I'm sure certain tobacco reviewers are tempted to use this line a it sounds as if they are masters of pipe smoking. Fact is most pipe smokers operate on autopilot without even considering their packing technique or counting their relights. This is the result of experience and part of that experience is giving some of the tips you find here a try and see what works for you.
As far as emptying your pipe is concerned, just smoke it until the taste is no longer delicious. This may be right to the bottom or just half way through, and many factors contribute to this. If the tobacco is nearly all smoked then a tap on your hand or a soft surface (my granddad used the bottom of his shoe)and the ash and dry unburnt tobacco should fall out easily. If a clump of tobacco or dottle remain, your pipe tool can come in very handy. In a worst case scenario, I just dislodge the remaining tobacco in the heal with my finger. A good wipe with some paper towel works well for me when coming to the removal of loose build up.
Keep in mind, I learn as much from the codgers as I do the hobbyist, and I consider myself as a codger in training.

I don't worry about the last bit of tobacco, just stir it with a pick and wipe the bowl

I have a team of gerbils trained to dig out the last bit of dottle in the bowl.
And, if the last little bit of tobacco has a name, dottle. Then it must be ok to have some left in the bowl. Otherwise, we would instead have a name for someone who cannot finish an entire bowl down to the white ash.

Okay, here's a minority report. Mostly I concur with what's been said; however, a sturdy minority of Forums members do not build cake. You need to be sure you have a thin carbon layer all the way to the bottom of the bowl. If you're not cake building, you scoop out the ash and any dottle and wipe out the bowl with a piece of paper towel (you don't need the whole square), paper napkin, or tissue, and blow out any remaining bits into an ashtray or waste basket. Then do the pipe cleaner, and buff the whole pipe with a soft rag, bandana, polishing cloth, or whatever. Enough bowls smoke low enough to create the carbon layer in the bottom of the bowl, but I never smoke after the flavor ceases to be pleasurable. The pipe serves me, I don't serve it. One or two of my pipes, bought new, are nearly 40 years old, and smoke better than ever, so in my opinion, this approach does not harm the pipe. The chamber remains the same size. I don't have to own a reamer and the chamber is never exposed to that additional wear. Many feel building cake is part of the grand tradition, but if you can stand to abandon it, you will find it is not needed for a good smoke.

Not sure if you are in the minority mso489 as I don't let cake build up in my pipes.

I keep it way less than a dimes worth and can keep a consistent very thin layer by using a pipe cleaner to scrape the bowl after each smoke.
This works well for me so I go with it but I've bought plenty of estates where I could barely get a pencil in the bowl so I know some people must like lots of cake.

Cake is nasty. I don't let it build up in my pipes either.

The need for cake is a heinous myth.

Have you ever smoked a filtered pipe and looked at the filter when you changed it out? The same brown gunk is what is trapped by the bottom third of the tobacco in the bowl, although it's camouflaged by the brown tobacco. I treat the bottom third as a filter, and dump it. Up until pipesmoking became "a hobby" and guys on the internet turned it into a competitive manly sport with a set of rules, nobody said shit if you dumped it. Smoking to the bottom is like crushing a beercan against your forehead...a neanderthal act of machismo. If you like it, fine, smoke it. If not, dump it. So you won't medal in the pipesmoking olympics, so effin what?